His medical history included severe smoking-related chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and coronary artery disease.
Patients with severe smoking-induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease probably had a CT scan referred as pathological by attending radiologists and were excluded from our analysis.
Both active and passive (second hand) smoking contributes to these high mortality rates with millions of smokers affected by a number of severe, smoking-related morbidities.
As I cursed my complete lack of physical fitness and severe chain-smoking habit, I heard the first rumble.
A computer schedule based on recruiting site (Oxfordshire or Berkshire), age (≤70 years or >70 years), gender, COPD severity (moderate or severe/very severe) and current smoking status (yes or no) is used to minimise imbalance between the groups, 26 and is monitored by an independent statistician.
If women collectively decided they would rather have a non-smoking man, this could have severe implications for smoking as a masculine social norm.
Exclusion criteria were body mass index (BMI) ≥40 kg/m, age over 70 or less than 60 years, smoking, severe retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy, serious cardiovascular or cerebrovascular diseases, and severe musculoskeletal problems restricting any physical activity.
Among first-degree relatives of patients with severe COPD, female smoking relatives demonstrate significantly lower lung function compared to male smoking relatives [ 6].
The distinctive features of CPFE include cigarette smoking, severe dyspnea, hypoxemia at exercise, subnormal spirometry findings, and severely impaired lung diffusion capacity [ 1, 2].
Then last week, the City Council heard a proposal to tighten an already severe law restricting smoking in restaurants.
The consequences for the most exposed group of atomic bomb survivors was an average loss of life expectancy significantly lower than that caused by severe obesity or smoking.
