Cyclospora cayetanensis, an emerging human pathogen, causes severe diarrheal disease and has resulted in several foodborne outbreaks in humans [ 2, 24, 25].
However, the organism also is a major human pathogen, causing severe neonatal infections [2], and has emerged recently as a leading cause of invasive infections in the elderly [3].
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an environmentally ubiquitous Gram-negative bacterium and important opportunistic human pathogen, causing severe chronic respiratory infections in patients with underlying conditions such as cystic fibrosis (CF) or bronchiectasis.
Chlamydia trachomatis is a sexually transmitted, obligate intracellular human pathogen leading to severe ocular and urogenital tract infections.
Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O157 H7 is a foodborne pathogen that causes severe human diseases including hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS).
A. terreus is known as a human pathogen that causes severe invasive bronchopulmonary and disseminated aspergillosis (Lass-Flörl et al., 2005; Slesiona et al., 2012a, 2012b).
Negative-sense single-strand RNA (-ssRNA) viruses comprise a large family of pathogens that cause severe human infectious diseases.
It has been recently demonstrated that the expression of the AcrAB-TolC pump is an important prerequisite for the selection of fluoroquinolone resistant mutants that exhibit mutated targets (DNA gyrase) in various Gram-negative bacteria such as Salmonella or Campylobacter, two major food-borne pathogens involved in severe human diseases [25], [26].
C. mucifaciens should be considered as important human pathogen in patients with severe illness and compatible history of exposure even in individuals with no clearly identified immunosuppression.
Where mannosidase activity is not essential for morphogenesis and cellular function in the non-pathogen A. nidulans, deleting the activity caused severe defect in conidial formation in the human pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus [ 6].
