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Whatever may be the legal meaning of detainee, first cited in 1928, the Latin root of detain is tenere, "to hold," and the verb means "to hold temporarily, usually in an emergency," a far cry from "imprison," which connotes longer or more severe confinement.
In the prolonged stress experiment, a similar group-design and injection protocol were followed, but fish were submitted to severe confinement stress by maintaining fish under high stock density (70 kg fish mass m−3) for 72 h.
Crated calves are tethered by the neck, pigs in severe confinement bite the metal bars of their crates, and hens get trapped and can even be impaled in their cages.
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Or consider the treatment of Bradley Manning, accused of leaking to WikiLeaks: a formal UN investigation found that his pre-trial conditions of severe solitary confinement were "cruel, inhuman and degrading", and he now faces capital charges of aiding al-Qaida.
Nanozirconia grafted onto inner and external surfaces of silica gel resulted, on the one hand, in reduction of the number of polymer filler contact points and, on the other hand, in more severe spatial confinement of the polymer in pores.
He argues that, because of its severe consequences, solitary confinement must be avoided categorically.
The expansion of SHUs, the Vera Institute of Justice has shown, has been "accompanied by increasingly severe conditions of confinement" for infractions far less serious than murder.
As Justice John Paul Stevens argued in 2009, such delays expose inmates to "decades of especially severe, dehumanizing conditions of confinement"—in particular, the solitary confinement that Kennedy finds so problematic.
As Justice John Paul Stevens argued in 2009, such delays expose inmates to "decades of especially severe, dehumanizing conditions of confinement" — in particular, the solitary confinement that Kennedy finds so problematic.
The Special Housing Unit, more commonly called "the Box," is where Sing Sing convicts are put into solitary confinement after severe infractions.
In my opinion, you have been punished harshly, both by the severe conditions of pretrial confinement and by the fact that you have lost valuable rights as a citizen.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com