Such a policy, wrote Judge William Alsup, raises "severe First Amendment doubts".
"Any contrary holding would raise severe First Amendment doubts," he said.
"The more protracted a stay keeping in place a constitutionally defective standard," the judge wrote, "the more severe the continuing First Amendment injury".
The five justices in the majority in Citizens United see the problem quite differently: (1) In their view, any restriction on the amount that individuals or organizations can spend in the political process represents a severe limitation on First Amendment rights.
The combined use of EDDS, rhamnolipids, and citric acid contributed to a most notable translocation of metals to shoot tissue, however the authors observed that this amendment caused severe phytotoxicity.
Conservation opponents have learned over the years that it is much harder to overturn our nation's conservation laws directly, so instead, they chip away at them indirectly through waivers, burdensome amendments and severe budget reductions.
"When we consider both the type and the amount of force used against Lowry and draw all inferences in her favor, we have little trouble concluding that the intrusion on Lowry's 4th Amendment rights was severe," the ruling says.
He also voted with the majority in Bowers v. Hardwick (1986) to uphold Georgia's prohibition against sodomy (though he wrote that severe punishment might violate the Eighth Amendment's cruel and unusual punishment clause).
"It's something that has severe implications on privacy and First Amendment rights and there is no basis to believe it improves security at all".
No patients treated after the amendment had treatment-related severe fatigue but such clinically important side effect was observed in four out of 13 cases treated before the implementation of the dose reduction policy (Fisher's test; P=0.04).
We are aware of no case in which the mere impression of association was held to place a severe burden on a group's First Amendment rights, but we need not decide that question here.
