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Since several epitopes on NPs have been found to be associated with the escape from human cytotoxic T lymphocytes CTLs), NPs are believed to prevent viral replication from the attack of the host immune system [22], [23].
An intravenous injection of anti-collagen type II (anti-CII) antibodies, directed towards several epitopes on CII in joint cartilage, followed by an intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) rapidly induces polyarthritis.
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In that way, for example we could arrange several epitopes of a single virus, or epitopes from different serotypes on the same vaccine to increase its overall efficiency.
Several epitopes have been defined on gE of WNV, involved in cell attachment, trimerization and fusion.
Several epitopes responsible for the toxicity of gliadins have been identified based on their ability to stimulate proliferation of gluten-responsive DQ2 (or DQ8) restricted CD4+ T cells in CD patient-derived small intestine biopsies [9] [12].
At this stage it is not clear if there is a simple common epitope on the β congutins responsible for this form of allergenicity or if there are several epitopes, but it seems likely that the different forms of β conglutin share some common epitopes.
The third was the presence of several epitopes with overlapping B- and T-cell functions, wherein changes in sequence could cause possible deleterious effects on protective immunity in both the cell-mediated and humoral arms of the host immune response.
A particular issue in any effort to measure antibodies against several different epitopes on citrullinated autoantigens is the degree of cross-reactivity between these different epitopes.
The conserved sequences were then submitted to several epitope prediction programs, whose results are combined.
In this present study, we produced and characterized a collection of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) directed against five distinct immunodominant regions on RTA, and used these MAbs to identify several key neutralizing epitopes on the toxin.
Such genetically engineered viruses may present several conserved immunogenic epitopes on the viral surface, which would be a first step toward a more universal influenza vaccine.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com