Sentence examples for several downstream effects from inspiring English sources

In PC12 cells the stimulation of TrkA by NGF induces Stat3 phosphorylation on S727 but not on Y705, enhances its DNA binding and transcriptional activities; therefore Stat3 mediates several downstream effects of NGF, including neuronal differentiation [29].

We propose that the local secretion of MRP proteins by these cells has several downstream effects, including the stimulation of muscle to produce MCP-1 and IL-6.

Several downstream effects of MIF are mediated by high-affinity binding to and signal transduction through CD74 (17, 17, 34), and some studies indicate that an upregulation of CD74 expression may occur concomitantly with an increase in MIF expression (14, 21).

Specifically, HDACis have been linked to several downstream effects in tumor cell lines which include: cell cycle arrest, induction of apoptosis, inhibition of angiogenesis, activation or inactivation of tumor suppressor genes or oncogenes, and decreased invasion and metastases [ 11, 12, 17].

The resulting deficits in these hormones during male fetal development can increase the risk of several different downstream effects, both manifested early in life (e.g., cryptorchidism) and later in life (e.g., effects on sperm).

In astrocytes, ATP stimulates Akt phosphorylation, where calcium, PI3K and a Src family kinase are involved (Jacques-Silva et al., 2004), which may result in several cellular downstream effects related to the Akt pathway, such as glycogen synthesis (Brazil and Hemmings, 2001).

Mutated KRAS transduces its oncogenic signal through several downstream effectors.

In fungi, several downstream effectors are targets of Tor signaling.

This dysregulation can alter several downstream pathways and manifest effects.

Once activated, AMPK phosphorylates several downstream substrates, the overall effect of which is to switch off ATP-consuming pathways (e.g., fatty acid synthesis and cholesterol synthesis) and to switch on ATP-generating pathways (e.g., fatty acid oxidation and glycolysis) [ 39]; thus the phosphorylation of AMPK become a central link of cellular energy regulation.

Thus, command neurons can be optically manipulated in the long-term, to evoke downstream effects across several synapses, emphasizing the utility of ChR2(C128S) in prolonged manipulation of neuronal networks and, as a result, behavior.