Fully-developed, swimming larvae were offered settlement surfaces early in the larval stage, on the day after spawning, because the time to settlement competence was unknown.
Prior to our study, the consistency of spawning times across years was not known, characteristics of gravid colonies had not been described, methods for propagation were not developed, settlement surfaces were untested, and no primary polyp settlers had been observed or photographed on the reef or in the laboratory.
The reciprocal effects of tunnelling-induced ground settlement and surface buildings are among the main concerns in urban underground projects.
Settlement of surface structures, which is particularly a private house, due to subsoil liquefaction is not a new issue in geotechnical engineering.
It the northern part of Sawatsuno settlement, the surface rupture at Site 13 (Fig. 9a) related to large earth slides typically 100 m × 300 m in width and length, respectively.
Using an analytical example, an arching stress/deformation model and an empirical relationship (developed by others) relating base LTP settlement to surface settlement, the relationship between serviceability behaviour and soft soil parameters is highlighted and the conditions leading to progressive collapse in GRCSEs are described.
Using specially designed equipment, consolidated-undrained and drained physical loading tests were conducted on a model ground with the artificially cemented clay to measure the footing settlement, specimen surface displacement, and pore water pressure after each step load.
The arguments in favour of landraising have included the need to allow for settlement and surface drainage, landscape improvements, mitigation of existing sites, creation of viewpoints, provision of recreational after-uses and screening of unsightly developments.
Three months after the divorce of Kordell Stewart and Porsha Williams, details about the former couple's settlement have surfaced.
Numerical simulations were performed to obtain the ground surface settlement, crown settlement and steel rib axial stress for the cases without pre-support, and with forepores in different spacing.
