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In this context, the balance between intrinsic neuronal properties and extrinsic cues plays an essentially permissive role by setting the propensity of neural circuits to modify their structure in response to external stimuli.
Further, we feel that it is highly unlikely that in our setting the propensity adjustment made the bias worse (as posited by Carter et al. [ 1] and Sherlock [ 3]) because the propensity score adjustment decreased the estimated effect of HBOT toward 1 (no effect) and not in the other direction (1, 3).
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One way around this problem is to set the propensity functions a j (x) to zero outside a large but finite domain [ 14]; this is the approach we follow here.
There is statistically significant evidence of an association between setting and the propensity to complete all of the valuation tasks (p < 0.05).
There is statistically significant evidence of an association between setting and the propensity to complete the first task in less than 120 s (p < 0.01).
There is statistically significant evidence of an association between setting and the propensity to give a zero valuation to a given health state (p < 0.001).
There is statistically significant evidence of an association between setting and the propensity to complete tasks using five steps or fewer (p < 0.01).
There is statistically significant evidence of an association between setting and the propensity to agree with the first and second statements in Table 5 (p < 0.01 and p < 0.01, respectively).
The proportion of inconsistent valuations was larger in the Netherlands study (10.7 %) than in the England study (8.3 %), although the association between setting and the propensity to give a pair of logically inconsistent values is not statistically significant at the 5%% level.
By contrast, respondents in the Netherlands study were much more likely than those in the England study to indicate that they took into account the possibility that some treatment or relief would be provided (there is statistically significant evidence of an association between setting and the propensity to agree with the sixth statement in Table 5; p < 0.01).
This proportion of health states that were valued as worse than dead did not differ greatly across the two studies (33.4 % in the England study; 30.2 % in the Netherlands study), although there is some evidence of an association between setting and the propensity to value a given health state as being worse than dead (p < 0.05).
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com