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Exchanging goods or services as a substitute for cash can be a great way to run on a little wallet.
Dealer margins on new car sales are already razor-thin; if people start relying on car-sharing services as a substitute for car ownership, many dealers, most of them long-held family businesses, could be in jeopardy.
These studies have reported a greater tendency among immigrants to use hospital emergency services as a substitute for other healthcare services [ 33, 34], although there is evidence that utilization rates among Spanish people of outpatient, emergency, and hospitalization services exceed the corresponding rates among immigrants [ 35, 36].
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At the center of the film is Wei Wei Minzhii), a 13-year-old primary school graduate who has been pressed into service as a substitute teacher in the Shuiquan Primary School.
At the center of "Not One Less" is Wei Wei Minzhii), a 13-year-old primary school graduate who has been pressed into service as a substitute teacher in the Shuiquan Primary School.
This theory states that a new service will act as a complement when utilized jointly with an old service and will serve as a substitute if it can replace the old service by satisfying the same needs (Aaker and Keller, 1990; Frank, 2009).
Argus amplifies Deloitte's auditing services but does not serve as a substitute for them.
In addition, wireless carriers like Verizon and Sprint have been encouraging the idea that faster new wireless networks could serve as a substitute for landline broadband services.
It said that with the Xbox service, it was delivering a traditional cable service that customers were already paying for through a different device that could serve as a substitute to the cable box.
These services may help older people with health problems remain in the community [ 1], while complementing or serving as a substitute for family caregiving [ 2].
They serve as a substitute for the absent internet.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com