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The deterioration of stormwater pipes is commonly graded into structural and serviceability condition using CCTV inspection data in order to recognize two different deterioration processes and consequences.
In addition, a series of non-destructive tests were performed sequentially to assess its serviceability condition, followed by a destructive test to examine its ultimate capacity.
The outcomes of the NNM are predictive serviceability condition for individual pipes, which is essential for planning proactive maintenance programs, and ranking of pipe factors that potentially contribute to the serviceability deterioration.
A general design method is provided to predict the load distribution at serviceability condition in hollow-core floors formed by precast units linked together through cast in place reinforced concrete joints.
Results demonstrate the cells applied to the membrane (PV-membrane) can undergo deformation in the range of the serviceability condition of the common tensile and inflatable structures without compromising the electricity production.
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This evidence makes the present models useful tools for the analysis and design of energy piles under serviceability conditions.
This paper introduces a new structural identification method for use in non-stationary conditions, which applies to structures and systems in normal serviceability conditions, under unknown excitation.
A simplified method for the design or verification of the reinforcement of columns of long jointless structures (usually referred to as integral structures) for serviceability conditions is proposed.
The optimal structure must behave elastically for the fixed loads, shakedown for serviceability conditions and prevent instantaneous collapse for fixed and high seismic loads.
Bending moments and deformations were obtained during the loading process, when cracking and serviceability conditions were reached, as well as the long-term deformations of recycled concrete beams up to 1000 d.
Glass fiber reinforced polymers (GFRP) reinforcement bars has a lower stiffness than steel reinforcement, which should be accounted for the ultimate and serviceability conditions, including the impact on member deflection and crack widths.
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