According to Ganotakis & Love (2012), global actors (e.g., traders involved in trading activities, logistics service providers who provide logistics related supporting services, liner shipping companies that provide regular sea transport services, terminal operators who handle containers and ships) who conduct their trading activities internationally have higher levels of growth and productivity.
By Raymond C. Baker and E. B. White The New Yorker, September 5, 1936 P. 9 Presumably in Piel's brewry service pursued liner to deliver faucet knobs that had missed the boat.
When Hamburg America withdrew from the service, the liner was traded to North German Lloyd, and regularly used under the new name of Princess Alice on both North Atlantic and Far East passenger routes.
Modifications of the operating structure from standalone services to liner alliances are significant.
Ghosh et al. (2015) study the bunkering service contracts of liner shipping companies and determine the liners' optimal bunkering strategy.
The cargo shipment demand uncertainty enables us to propose a chance constraint for each liner service route which guarantees that the liner service route can satisfy the customers demand at least with a predetermined probability.
Among liner service design factors, operational strategies such as service frequency, number of ports of call, and number of strings, are discussed as significant.
Meanwhile, it can help to realize bundling of containers not only within an individual liner service but also by combining two or more liner services so as to guide cooperation between shipping companies.
We wish this can help to promote follow-up studies of inland container liner service network planning progress.
In the fourth quarter 2006 one in six importer-exporter pairs world-wide was served by a single direct liner "service", meaning that only one ship was operating on that route.
