As introduced in Section 4.1, we propose to quantify the service quality in order to achieve the objectives, where the service quality can be written in function of bit rate as F s, R = Y ^ s, RT (14).
Service code can be written in a range of programming languages (including Matlab, Python, R, C/C++, Java), and can be easily wrapped into a service using the CARMEN Service Builder tool.
Therefore, the total service quality (16) can be written as F total = ∑ s ∈ S ∑ q ∈ Q U s, q F s, R s, q. (20).
The state-dependent service rate of walkway can be written as Eq. (8): mu_{n} = 1/T_{n} = nV_{n} /L (8)here (L) is the length and (V_{n}) is the state-dependent walking speed of passengers passing through the walkway.
By defining cumulative step function Z x 1, x 2 = ∫ 0 x 1 ζ w, x 2 dw, (5). the continuous service quality in (3) can be written as Y s, x = ∑ i = 1 N s − 1 β s, i − β s, i + 1 Z x, X s, i + β s, N s Z x, X s, N s.
Hence, the average service rate of node i can be written as (9).
The total service which we want to maximize can be written as F total = ∑ s ∈ M ∑ u ∈ U s srv F s, R u. (16).
Accordingly, total service quality of CG U s,q can be written as ∑ u ∈ U s, q F s, R u = U s, q F s, R s, q, (19).
Finally, we present a sixth theme, not explicitly identified by Bartlett and Le Grand: the need to 'parcel up' service delivery into units for which specifications can be written and contracts issued by commissioners.
