Arguably, use of reference genes that display 2-fold changes in gene expression could serve the purpose of normalization, but only if the variance is technical in nature requiring additional measures (e.g., evaluation over time, etc) to establish suitability when using a single reference gene.
Among such potential cognitive biases, "two staples of Western philosophical thinking" in particular "serve to inhibit the expression of natural explanations for the origins of species" and evolutionary change (Evans 2001): essentialism and teleology.
Nevertheless, ∼15% of genes are known to have bona fide antisense transcripts [14], [25] that may serve to regulate the expression of their corresponding sense transcripts.
This result indicates that antisense transcription may serve to regulate the expression of target genes.
Instead, these lncRNAs might either induce or serve to maintain the expression of the protein-coding transcripts at a normal level by activating the epigenetic signatures as demonstrated previously (Huang et al., 2010).
Therefore, it can be speculated that increased cAMP could also serve to support the expression of HO-1 [ 21], which is essential for the survival of FH deficient cells [ 13], as also found in our synthetic lethality screen.
A number of investigators have suggested that, based on its correlation with increased invasion, Ets-1 may serve to increase the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA), which are important players in trophoblast invasion [ 89].
Darwin presumed emotional expressions served the very useful function of communicating with other members of one's own species.
The sublethal challenge serves to prime the expression of a large number of genes involved in the oxidative stress response, rendering the cells more resistant to a subsequent lethal dose.
Thus, researchers interested in studying specific genes during the pre-erythrocytic stages would be well served to compare the expression in each of the data sets and perform confirmatory studies, such as PCR or northern blots, to guide their studies.
