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Once assembled, inflammasomes serve as activating platforms for pro-caspase-1.
In summary, mitochondrial peptides present in necrotic tumour material serve as activating ligands for FPR1 on tumour cells.
Although the identities of high-affinity natural ligands for the PPARs are currently unknown, there is evidence that fatty acids and their oxidized metabolites can serve as activating ligands for PPARs.
In addition, we know a divergent array of signaling cascades can serve as activating elements upstream of the core MAPK modules [Fig 1].
Similar(56)
Thioesters are prevalent in the cell wherein they serve as activated forms of organic acids in a wide range of anabolic and catabolic chemical pathways.
Excellent performances of the Pt-included catalysts are attributed to positively charged Pts that serve as active sites for activating [VO]2+/[VO2]+ reaction.
Since we did not measure endotoxin or other soluble factors, such as HMGB1, S100A/B, or acute phase proteins that may also serve as TLR4 activating ligands, we cannot further speculate on whether the derived leukocyte transcriptional signatures are attributable to endotoxin or other mediators.
Human LL-37 has the ability to bind to host DNA and serve as an activating ligand for TLR9 in plasmacytoid dendritic cells [16].
In our previous work, we assumed that a known population of particles observed by LCPS and other descent probes could serve as CCN for activating sulfuric acid cloud droplets.
On the other hand, alcohol itself can serve as a stressor, activating the hypothalamic pituitary adrenocortical (HPA) axis, which constitutes a major component of the hormonal (i.e., neuroendocrine) stress response (Smith and Vale 2006).
Disulfide cleavage in 8 would generate two thiol groups that could serve as probes to activate two mitomycin rings.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
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