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Serum metal levels demonstrated wide variability.
Patients with these modular components may develop symptomatic trunnion corrosion, with elevated serum metal levels.
MR performed all serum metal measurements.
Patients with serum metal ion levels > 7 µg/L had migrations similar to those in patients with serum metal ion levels < 7 µg/L.
Furthermore, patients with elevated serum metal ion levels had migration patterns comparable to those of patients with acceptable serum metal ion levels.
The significance of serum metal concentration also remains unclear, so further studies are also necessary.
Serum metal levels were expressed as medians with twenty-fifth and seventy-fifth percentiles (IQR).
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We conducted a cross-sectional study to investigate: (1) pseudotumor frequency; (2) risk factors of pseudotumor formation; (3) and correlations between pseudotumors, serum metal-ions, implant position, and clinical symptoms.
Correlation coefficients were used to detect preliminary associations of PHM and PAL activities with serum metals with other measures of interest.
The only conditions that resulted in squeaking were dry sliding with alumina-on-alumina and metal-on-metal, and an extreme peak load of 4 kN with serum lubricated metal-on-metal.
In addition to the basic science studies presented, multiple clinical studies have aimed to uncover the relationship between serum trace metal concentrations and the incidence of pain.
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