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Since mammalian transcriptional control regions often contain transcriptional enhancers, we tested the ability of the upstream miR-375 sequences to activate transcription from the heterologous promoter TK.
CLK-CYC binds canonical E-box sequences to activate the transcription of direct targets clockwork orange (cwo), period (per), timeless (tim), vrille (vri), and par domain protein 1 (Pdp1, Figure 1a) [1]–[6].
It is able to interact with specific DNA sequences to activate transcription.
We showed that zinc finger proteins could be engineered to bind to a wide range of DNA sequences to activate, repress, cut, and paste genes as well as modulate the epigenetic state of targeted loci.
Activated JAK2 auto-phosphorylates its receptors, and additionally phosphorylates STAT3, which results in the dimerization and translocation of STAT3 into the nucleus, where it binds to specific regulatory sequences to activate or repress transcription of target genes [ 37].
Estradiol, the predominant estrogen in terms of absolute serum levels, activates estrogen receptors that bind to DNA sequences to activate or suppress gene expression, and many efforts have been made to find its target genes (up to 5000) in MCF-7 cancer cell line [ 39- 41] because of its role in breast cancer [ 42].
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Oddly, only a metallothionein expression activator was found encoded in the coral genome without finding a sequence to activate transcription of the actual metallothionein protein gene.
Scientists says the approach, which could give a needed boost to the wilted branch of agricultural biotech, uses an inventive hybrid molecule that enters the instructional letters of a plant's gene sequence to activate a genetic spell checker, which then alters an unwanted or defective gene.
miRNAs in the miR-290 cluster share a similar seeding sequence to activate NF- κB signaling pathway.
It belongs to the nuclear receptor superfamily that binds to its cognate DNA sequence to activate the expression of its target genes [ 1, 2].
Nrf2 can bind to the ARE (antioxidant-response element) [also called ERE (electrophile-response element)] sequence to activate transcription of antioxidant and cellular detoxification genes [ 112– 115].
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
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