Your English writing platform
Discover LudwigExact(1)
A 1.5-kb fragment of 18S rDNA and a 2.4-kb fragment of 28S rDNA were amplified (primers were provided in Additional file 1) and sequenced as below.
Similar(59)
These 174 PZA-resistant mutants were subjected to further analysis by pncA sequencing as below.
The fragment was purified and sequenced as indicated below for all other sequenced PCR products (GenBank accession: Feeding trial: EF590264, EF590265, Sarasota fish samples: EU239803 EU239814, EU239933).
The bacterial and fungal communities were quantified and the DNA in the binned fractions sequenced as described below.
All products were cloned and sequenced as described below.
DNA was extracted according to Nielsen et al.[16], the 16S rRNA gene from bacteria in the homogenate was amplified by PCR, cloned and sequenced as described below.
PCR products with 1500 bp obtained from isolates were purified using the JET Quick PCR Purification Spin Kit (Genomed GmbH, Löhne, Germany) according to the manufacturer's instructions, and sequenced as described below.
PCR products from nematode homogenates were cloned into pGEM-T Easy (Promega), transformed into E. coli XL1-Blue, extracted, amplified and purified according to standard procedures, and sequenced as described below.
Due to the large size of exon 1, it was amplified at 95°C for 15', 35 cycles of 95°C 1' 30″, 65°C 30 sec, 72°C 2 min with a final extension of 72'C for 7 min. PCR products were checked on agarose gels, and then sequenced as detailed below.
The clones were sequenced as described below.
All fragments were cloned and sequenced as described below.
Write better and faster with AI suggestions while staying true to your unique style.
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com