With the advent of Western colonization after 1500 and particularly from the early 19th to the mid-20th century, Western schooling with its dominantly secular curriculum, sequence of grades, examinations, set calendar, and diplomas began to make strong inroads on the region's traditional educational practices.
Besides SWI, there is substantial material available in the current literature on the use of other physiologic MR sequences for grading gliomas, namely DWI, proton MR spectroscopy (HMRS) and PWI.
The cases demonstrated here represent the sequence of 3 stages (grades 1-2, grade 3, and grade 4) of the progression of HD in human brain.
Genome doubling (GD) was determined from the comparison of the sequencing of the grade II and the grade IV regions and by considering the mutations located in the portion of the genome where a clear doubling of the number of alleles was detected, see supplementary Information, available at Annals of Oncology online, for details.
The extent to which metastatic tumors further evolve by accumulating additional mutations is unclear and has yet to be addressed extensively using next-generation sequencing of high-grade serous ovarian cancer.
Specifically, for each of the 38 species listed in Table 1, we aligned the comparative-grade finished sequence of each BAC to the corresponding human-grade finished sequence for that species using the program Cross Match [ 28].
Readers were blinded as to the type of sequence that they were grading.
Two ml of trypsin reaction buffer was added to 20 μL of sequencing grade trypsin; 250 μL of this solution were added to each of the digest samples from overnight, and the reactions were left at 37°C for 4 hours with shaking (600 rpm).
The dried gel slices were rehydrated with a total of 25 ng of sequencing grade, modified trypsin (Promega, Madison, Wisconsin, United States) in 100 mmol/l ammonium bicarbonate at 4°C for 2 hr.
Notably, we found an identical frequency of gaps in an earlier study that involved analyzing the comparative-grade finished sequence of 116 vertebrate BACs [ 5].
