The unique characteristics such as electrical conductivity, mechanical strength, biodegradability and recyclability enabled them to be implemented in many novel and exciting applications including antennas, chemical sensors, tissue engineering, neural probes, biosensors, drug delivery, bio-actuators, fuel cells etc.
The recent advances in micro/nano-fabrication techniques, semiconductor materials, and optoelectronic components have enabled engineering of a novel miniaturized optoelectronic sensor for tissue diagnostics.
The Hippo pathway may thus serve as a sensor of tissue structure and mechanical tension, integrating information regarding the size and shape of an organ into cellular behavior, such as whether or not to proliferate.
In the mammals, TLR-3 binds dsRNA, but is also a sensor of tissue necrosis during acute inflammation [70].
Last but not least, HS can be recognized as a sensor of tissue injury, thanks to the interaction with TLR-4 on leukocytes.
PAR-1 acts as cellular sensor of tissue injury and plays a pivotal role in orchestrating inflammatory and fibroproliferative responses during both normal wound healing, and a range of pathological contexts across all major organ systems (25).
Graphene hydrogel (GH) has attracted increasing attention in energy storage and conversion, pollutant adsorption, catalysis, sensors and tissue engineering applications.
These are combined with optimized tetrapolar bioimpedance sensors for tissue ischemia detection.
The obtained SiC NFs possess great potentials for application in electrical and optical devices, electrochemical sensors and tissue engineering.
These observations clearly demonstrate that the sweet taste receptor functions as a sugar sensor in tissues other than taste buds in the tongue.
Intriguingly, the gene network analysis revealed a hierarchy in the transcriptional response, with key sensors of tissue hypoxia, such as HIF1alpha constituting the hub nodes connected with a number of downstream pro- and anti-inflammatory, i.e. survival genes.
