Although some increase in exposure to allergens to sensitize and then trigger attacks has been observed, such as increased exposure to house dust mites in modern, centrally heated houses, these changes do not seem adequately to explain the rise.
For example, female mice exposed to environmental tobacco smoke, which is known to increase allergic sensitization, and then sensitized with OVA demonstrated greater OVA specific IgG1 and IgE in their serum compared to males [ 50, 51].
C57Bl6 wild type (WT) and C57Bl6 FcγRIIb knock-out (KO) mice were sensitized and then challenged with RWE.
The ear and back skin tissues were collected from BALB/c mice sensitized and then challenged with DNCB or vehicle, and they were immediately frozen in dry-ice and kept at −80°C.
For example, the TRPV1 antagonist PAC-14028 reduced serum IgG and IgE rises, dermal mast cell degranulation, skin thickening, and scratching behavior in NC/Nga mice treated serially with Dermatophagoides farinae (Df) or systemically sensitized and then topically challenged with the contact allergen, oxazolone (Oxa).
In this nanosystem, Nd3+ acts as absorber to harvest 800 nm laser photons, while the Yb3+ ions play as bridging ions to accept the transferred energy from Nd3+ ions, and then sensitize the lanthanide activator (Er3+ or Tm3+) to produce upconversion.
The substrates with and without nanoparticles were then sensitized by immersing them in a 0.2 mM N719 dye solution.
Moreover, after artful design of branched TiO2 nanoneedles on this network and then sensitized by CdS quantum dots, a multi-heterojunction structure of SnO2/TiO2/CdS was formed.
In the second investigation, P25 TiO2 films are sensitized with a solution of Rose bengal dye and f-MWCNTs (MWCNTs functionalized with -COOH), and in the third one, f-MWCNTs are incorporated in the P25 TiO2 films and then sensitized with Rose bengal dye.
The suicide system TK/GCV is an enzyme/prodrug therapy that involves the transfer of the cDNA for the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene (TK) into tumor cells which then sensitizes the cells to the non-toxic antiviral drug ganciclovir.
Regarding TiO2 barrier layer on Ti surface to inhibit its electrochemical activity, pre-treatments were successively processed with anodizing, sensitizing, activating, and then followed by electroless Ni-P film to be acted as an activated layer for electroplating Ni-CeO2 deposits.
