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In short-term genotoxicity tests, H2O2 has given predominantly positive results; however, these assays have been performed using either bacterial strains engineered to be exquisitely sensitive to oxidant damage, or mammalian cells deficient in antioxidant enzymes.
Cultured β cells have a high capacity to recycle ascorbate, but this is sensitive to oxidant stress generated by increased glucose metabolism due to culture in high glucose concentrations and increased glucokinase expression.
In addition to the complex effect of stress and signaling on transport factor distribution, we demonstrate that their post-translational modification is sensitive to oxidant exposure.
Compared to nuclear DNA, mitochondrial DNA is more sensitive to oxidant damage [ 34, 35].
On the other hand, other studies have shown that endothelial colony-forming cells are highly sensitive to oxidant stress [ 38].
The double Δ yfh1Δ apn1 mutant presents growth defects, high spontaneous and induced mutagenesis and is extremely sensitive to oxidant treatment.
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Because rho0 cells are sensitive to oxidants, we wondered whether intracellular oxidative stress might be responsible for the elevated CIN observed in unperturbed rho0 cells.
First, they reduce the iron requirement of the species, and, secondly, they increase the oxidation-resistance of the PPP: the iron cofactor of the E. coli ribulose-5-phosphate epimerase renders this enzyme highly prone to peroxide oxidation, with the result that the bacterial species is sensitive to oxidants [ 43].
The near-IR emitter (λem = 700 nm, CCCTAACTCCCC-protected silver nanodot) [15] also exhibited an oxidization pattern (Figure 3a) similar to the red emitter, except for being more sensitive to oxidants.
Accordingly, yfh1-deficient yeast [14] and cells from FRDA patients [36] are highly sensitive to oxidants such as hydrogen peroxide H2O2.
SoxS-regulated genes identified in these microarray experiments and in past genetic screens do not form complete or even partial pathways, but they may represent key metabolic steps that are sensitive to oxidants.
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