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Instead, if pyrophosphate release induces, or coincides with, a change in conformation of the elongation complex, triggering translocation (power stroke), τPPi would be sensitive to force instead.
Moreover, a lower k1 renders the velocity more sensitive to force, consistent with the experimental observation that the mutant Pol II shows a steeper F– v curve than the wild-type.
In these conditions, if elongation follows a Brownian ratchet mechanism, the velocity should be sensitive to force, while if it follows a power stroke, the velocity should not depend on force.
As the ipsilateral S1/M1 deactivation is not sensitive to force levels, at least in the low-force range, the correlational changes found in the present study likely reflect the effects of frequency rather than force.
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It has also been suggested that birds are sensitive to forces produced by the rotation of the Earth (Coriolis force); however, no sense organ or physiological process sensitive to such forces has yet been demonstrated to support this hypothesis.
"If you lived under communism, then you are very sensitive to forces that try to control or limit human liberty," he said in an interview.
This particular task can be rather sensitive to force-field imbalances (compared, for example, to studies of compact duplex regions), as we need to compare several competing substates with quite different geometries but presumably similar stabilities.
In addition, the mechanism of progressive capping by the FH2 dimer appears to be inherently sensitive to forces in a piconewton range.,, This prediction has recently been tested experimentally with microfluidic devices, in which calibrated piconewton forces can be applied to actin filaments.
In recent years, the thermosphere has also been found to be sensitive to meteorological forcing from the lower atmosphere.
However, it was shown that the model is slightly more sensitive to boundary forcing when convective driving is weaker.
It is found that the chaotic responses are especially sensitive to the forcing and the parametric excitations.
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