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Since this same Ssp4 variant has been established as a major contributor to the sensitivity of type A isolates producing sensitive spores, the Ssp4 Gly variant is also likely to be an important factor behind the spore sensitivity of cpe-positive type C and D isolates, although this should be experimentally confirmed.
However, changing Ssp4 residue 36 from Asp to Asn produced sensitive spores resembling those made by isolates producing Ssp4 with Gly at residue 36.
The cpe-positive type C and D isolates surveyed in this study also produce the same Ssp4 Gly variant as found in type A isolates producing sensitive spores.
Whereas Gly is present at Ssp4 residue 36 in C. perfringens type A isolates producing sensitive spores, the Ssp4 residue 36 is an Asp in most, if not all, type A C-cpe isolates producing resistant spores.
Previous studies showed that the extreme resistance of spores made by most FP strains is mediated, in large part, by a variant of small acid soluble protein 4 (Ssp4) that has Asp at residue 36; in contrast, the sensitive spores made by other C. perfringens type A isolates contain an Ssp4 variant with Gly at residue 36.
Only G418 sensitive spores germinated confirming that the USB1 gene is essential.
Similar(53)
After the ninth backcross, genomic DNA was isolated from three strains: an ethanol/37°-resistant spore colony and a sensitive spore colony from the same tetrad and an ethanol/37°-resistant spore colony from a distinct tetrad.
A screen for mutants that form ether-sensitive spores identified a number of genes involved in spore wall assembly [10].
Plants in a single-celled stage, such as the gravity-sensitive spores of fern Ceratopteris richardii also respond to spaceflight with changes in gene expression patterns [ 17, 18].
Resistant single-spore cultures of P. aleophilum were shown to have different aggressiveness levels as sensitive single-spore cultures by inoculation of wood segments of Vitis vinifera in the presence and absence of fungicide.
In total, 30 sensitive and 30 resistant spores were selected and grown individually in 5 mL of YPD for 12~14 hr at 30°.
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