Others motivated by post-modern considerations concerning the nature of the self, rationality, language, and identity, are also suspicious of the manner in which the basic concepts operative in liberal theories of justice ("autonomy" for example) are understood as fixed, transparent, and without their own political presuppositions (see, e.g., Butler 1990; for general discussion see White 1990).
Setting this adequacy implies interdisciplinary and participative approaches for concerned actors in order to provide an overall vision of a more broaden system than health district, small island with self-rationality, and in which they operate.
This is not masochism, it is self-interested rationality.
Together, these characteristics give humans the potential to achieve self-consciousness, rationality, and morality.
For openers, they do not acknowledge a plain home truth about discrimination: Some of it represents irrational bigotry, some of it mere self-interested rationality.
By detecting discrepancies between the predictions of a self-interested rationality model and actual experimental results, investigators are able to elicit phenomena that suggest differences in norms of fairness across different cultures.
Philo, at any rate, initially agreed with Clitomachus that Carneades' ability to maintain something like this critical stance towards all beliefs — his own as well as the theories of his philosophical opponents — represented a paradigm of self-conscious rationality (see Numenius fr. 28).
For an excellent overview of these issues see Vitek (1993: 118) In addition to this work, there is also a corpus of work on promises in game theory and economic theory, stemming from the contractarian project of grounding promissory obligation in self-interested rationality.
True, the mind sciences will continue to show that consciousness does not work in just the ways we thought, and they already suggest significant limitations on the extent of our rationality, self-knowledge, and self-control.
Each rational person's strongest desire is for self-preservation, which rationality dictates should never be sacrificed.
Self-interest and rationality imply a desire to cooperate provided that cooperators can do so without sacrificing their self-interest.
