The self-learning phase is illustrated as X_{ij}^{new} = X_{ij}^{old} (1 + (rand_{4} - 0.5 omega ) (12)where a self-learning weight ω is designed to determine the self-learning range of each particle.
Because the whole self-learning process includes simultaneous learning among multiple regions, the time required to complete self-learning within a certain range (denoted as ( {D}_{mathrm{LEA}}^{mathrm{TOT}} )) is the maximum value of the self-learning time between the regions.
Fig. 5 Range of self-learning.
Subsequently, the user interfaces guide the trainees through a calibration protocol, after which each of the simulators guide the trainee through the range of exercises in a self-learning curriculum.
The report highlights a range of initiatives – including the use of self-learning and expanded learning spaces – that help children learn even in the most desperate of circumstances.
Graphical abstract Self-learning loop.
After self-learning, the sender starts communication.
There is virtually no self-learning.
Then a rough self-learning theory including extensional learning and intensional learning is raised.
This would make the oNCS system self-learning.
With regard to self-learning readiness, after the course, participants reported a greater readiness and ability for self-directed learning.
