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For a given query sequence, we ignored its self hit but counted as a homolog (true positive), any benchmark sequence belonging to the same SCOP superfamily, and as a non-homolog (false positive) any benchmark sequence belonging to a different SCOP fold.
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Questions follow a format such as, "Have you ever… cut your skin with a sharp object on purpose?" Those reported self-injurious behavior in the past year are asked additional questions inquire about burning one's self; eating or drinking something other than food, drugs, or medicine; biting one's self, hitting one's self, picking at skin, and putting something under the skin.
P. marinus ESTs were removed from dbEST to avoid self hits during screening.
By default, the program will exclude genes without any non- self hits from subsequent analyses, because they may represent ORFans [ 46], resulting from de novo gene origination events (which are very rare [ 47]), or transfer events from unknown sources that are very dissimilar from any sequenced genomes.
Singleton genes were defined as genes whose protein products lack any non-self hit with an E-value less than 0.1.
For the Mnemiopsis organismal database search, the gene identifier of the top non-self hit is displayed (and linked to its corresponding Gene Wiki page) along with the E-value for that alignment.
A gene was considered to be a duplicated gene if its top, non-self hit had an E-value less than or equal to 1 × 10-20, atd at least 50% of the two peptides aligned.
Blast search using the sequence of the C-terminal extension of PiAP5 as query, identified the first non-self hit (with an E-value of 0.001) as RpkA, a G-protein coupled receptor family protein from Dictyostelium discoideum [ 29].
In order to improve the resolution of this clade we included the sequence of human gastricsin which was the first non-self hit detected in a Blast analysis using PiAP2 as a query.
Subsequently, the Arabidopsis and rice proteomes were searched for gene paralogues using a BLAST[ 18] based approach similar to the one employed for orthologue sequence analysis and two sequences were defined as most recent paralogues when each of them was the best non-self hit of the other (Tables 2, 3).
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