Individual interviews will be conducted to determine the patients' assessment of chronic illness care, degree of self-enablement, and access to care before implementation of the intervention, at intermediate moments and at the end of the study.
The lack of effect applied equally to the intermediate outcomes of shared decision making, self efficacy, enablement, and self care activity which might reasonably be expected to be most directly affected by increased support for self management as it did to health related outcomes.
Satisfaction is generally understood as an outcome, while self-efficacy and enablement may be more predictive of future behaviour [ 10].
In terms of the psychological factors measured, identity, self-efficacy, and enablement were all related to higher total empowerment scores as predicted.
Secondary outcomes are patient-reported communication, enablement, self-care activity, diabetes-dependent quality of life, empowerment, satisfaction, health-related quality of life and resource use.
Piloting the PACE-D intervention and agenda with people with diabetes could provide improvements in communication, blood glucose management, enablement, self-care, medication use and quality of life, with little impact on cost or clinic time.
Secondary outcomes were general health, social or role limitations, energy and vitality, psychological wellbeing, self care activity, and enablement.
39 Secondary outcomes were general health, social or role limitations, energy and vitality, psychological wellbeing, self care activity, and enablement (see supplementary file for full details).
It includes questions about adherence to chosen treatment (Morisky Compliance Scale), self-rated health (SF-12), enablement (Patient Enablement Instrument), and risk communication and decision-making effectiveness (COMRADE Scale).
Perhaps patients with a stronger internal health locus of control and better self-management 'ask' less for enablement, so that they do not need help in general practice regarding the aspects covered by PACIC.
In addition, patients' perceptions of their ability for self-care were measured using the Patient Enablement Instrument (PEI).
