Sentence examples for self components from inspiring English sources
From the lowliest protozoans to the higher marine tunicates, invertebrates have means of distinguishing self components from nonself components.
These demonstrated that Vg possesses a significantly higher affinity to the microbial surface molecules rather than BSA and the self components from H. otakii itself.
By both protein-microbe interaction analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay as well as phagocytosis test, we demonstrate for the first time that fish Vg acts as a pattern recognition molecule with multiple specificities that can recognize bacteria as well as fungus rather than self components from fish, and functions as an opsonin that can enhance macrophage phagocytosis.
Pathophysiological mechanisms involved in breaking tolerance against self components are not fully understood.
Finally, the adaptive immunity is specific for foreign antigens and tolerant to autologous (self) components.
Previous studies argued that viral TLRs are under a stronger purifying selection than non-viral TLRs [ 33, 39, 40] since viral TLRs recognize viral nucleic acids but also target self components [ 1, 2, 41].
Attempts have been made to overcome these challenges, for instance, stabilizing particles sterically rather than electrostatically [5], conjugating "self" component(s) to the nanoparticle surface [6], and coating nanoparticles with cell membranes extracted from red blood cells or leukocytes [7].
It is clear that fish Vg is a novel pattern recognition receptor with a wide spectrum of specificity capable of identifying non-self components including LPS, LTA, PGN, glucan and laminarin.
Taken together, the results suggest that oomycetal CBM1-containing proteins have an ancient origin in the oomycete lineage and are involved in specific roles including adhesion to self and non-self components rather than in substrate degradation.
Therefore, the host develops delicate machineries to distinguish self-components from non-self-components, which is the principle of innate immune responses.
(iii) Selectins recognize carbohydrate molecules on pathogenic microorganisms as well as on self-components.
