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Furthermore, a model-based selective scheme is proposed to formulate a combined SαFEM/NS-FEM model that handily overcomes the volumetric locking problems.
In addition, a novel domain-based selective scheme is proposed leading to a combined ES/NS-FEM model that is immune from volumetric locking and hence works very well for nearly incompressible materials.
For example, an SNR gain of approximately 3 dB is achieved at the probability of detection = 0.7 by the proposed selective scheme as compared to the non-selective scheme under the total probability of error criterion.
For the proposed AS (adaptive selective) scheme, the threshold value ρ is set to 0.4 regardless of the iteration number and the other parameters.
It is shown by simulations that the proposed selective scheme for soft combination significantly outperforms the non-selective soft and hard combining schemes.
For further improvement, we propose a so-called selective scheme which instantly measures the reliability of the detected symbols at each iteration and then exclude the unreliable symbols in the estimated interference generation.
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Selective schemes, under which local authorities can require landlords to have a licence no matter what type of property they were renting out, began to be introduced from 2013.
Whereas, it can be seen from Figures 2 and 11 that the proposed selective combining scheme under the total error minimization criterion provides better probability of detection than the non-selective scheme using the NP criterion while keeping the probability of false alarm lower than the specified value, i.e., 0.1 for 3≤ SNR ≤20.
It is useful in cases where water-based tissue lesions may have a T1 similar to that of lipids, because the non-selective scheme of STIR, in which the inversion pulse affects all tissues, can provide misleading results.
It is shown by simulations that the proposed selective soft combination-based scheme significantly outperforms the conventional non-selective schemes based on soft combination and 1-bit hard combination.
It can be seen from Figure 12 that the probability of false alarm of the selective and non-selective schemes under the NP criterion is much less than 0.1, which corresponds to the tolerable value of interference at the PU as specified by IEEE 802.22 cognitive wireless regional area network (WRAN) standard [29].
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com