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What followed in such systems can be thought of as a hard selection sweep in which alleles associated with residency were selected to a much greater frequency than the same alleles in the migrant population.
This phenomenon is called hitchhiking effects or selection sweep in genetics.
Genomic regions with selection sweep (haplotype block) could be detected after draft genome scanning (genome typing) with molecular markers in a number of released varieties or natural populations.
However, a selection sweep imprinted across genomes suggested that some important loci or chromosomal intervals rather than whole genomes (or chromosomes) were responsible for the differences (Figure 4).
Selection sweep statistics were subsequently used to clarify the observed signals of selection.
The strong selection sweep on BTA13 in Shorthorn contains the agouti (ASIP) locus (Table 6), which is known to affect coat colour in several species [ 20].
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Therefore, SLC2A4 African allelic spectrum is compatible with an evolutionary history that may involve a combination of population expansion and/or natural selection (selective sweep or background selection).
However, the GHR gene is monomorphic in the same pig sample, suggesting different selection pressures (selective sweep or strong purifying selection in GHR, strong positive selection for PRLR).
First, footprints of selection (selective sweeps) will be most easily seen in regions of low recombination, even if they occur less frequently in such regions due to Hill-Robertson interference.
Indeed, such a correlation has been observed in both animals and plants [e.g. [ 11- 15]], although balancing selection, selective sweeps and/or higher mutation than recombination rates [e.g. [ 16, 17]] could have the capability to blur it within a few generations.
This was first suggested by Jean Baptiste Lamarck, before Charles Darwin's idea of natural selection swept the board.
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