Thus, the possible occurrence of positive selection suggested earlier for the S1 S29 segment in GABRB2 [11] could be facilitated by the recombination hotspot nature of the segment demonstrated in the present study.
Model selection suggested decisive evidence for both symmetric and asymmetric epistasis (MIP[v] = 1, MIP[w] ≃ 1); but the percentage of variance contributed may be relatively small (VarP[v] = 3.27%, VarP[w] = 3.86%).
The conservation of a long open reading frame in the PEG11 gene and evidence for purifying selection suggested that it encodes a protein.
Analysis of within-species polymorphisms confirmed that purifying selection is the major force shaping human mitochondrial DNA diversity, but an impact of adaptive selection was suggested for haplogroups exposed to cold climates.
After the decision, Mr. Brahimi declined to comment in detail about the selection, but suggested, for the first time, that his role here was far more limited than originally thought.
Polymorphisms can also be maintained by sexual selection, as suggested for plumage coloration in some birds [ 6] and in guppies [ 7].
Possible explanations could include long-term balancing selection, as suggested for the glc-1 haplotypes (Ghosh et al. 2012), that were estimated to have arisen ∼7 × 10 generations ago.
This is broadly indicative of purifying selection, suggesting that for every 2 non-synonymous SNPs that arise in the S. Typhimurium population, one is deleterious and is removed.
On the other hand, sperm selection suggests a role for the female reproductive tract in selecting the best sperm from a large population [for a general overview on these topics see 3].
Autoreactive B cells in SLE undergo autoantigen selection, suggesting a requirement for germinal center follicular helper T (Tfh) cells in their maturation.
