Because multiple morphological solutions exist for any function (i.e., value of KT), MTOM may buffer those constraints, imposed by directional selection, on the extent of mechanical diversity produced by hybridization.
If this is true, reductions in N e, such as those associated with transitions to selfing, are predicted to reduce the efficacy of selection to the extent that these mutations become effectively neutral [ 31, 32].
Analysis of the simulation results show that a selective sweep results in a reduction of variation linked to the target of selection, and the extent of such reduction is dependent on the selection coefficient (s) (Figure 3).
Whether similar paths are followed in nature is likely to depend on the strength and unidirectionality of selection and the extent of antagonistic pleiotropy: the contrast between the benefits of a mutation in one environment and its costs in others.
The timing of the introduction of positive selection and the strength of selection (see Positive selection, below) control the extent of clonal interference.
If the parties consider it necessary to appoint Assessors, the Convention of Inquiry shall determine the mode of their selection and the extent of their powers.
This paper provides an overview of the basic process of natural selection, discusses the extent and possible causes of misunderstandings of the process, and presents a review of the most common misconceptions that must be corrected before a functional understanding of natural selection and adaptive evolution can be achieved.
Theory and artificial selection experiments show that recombination can promote adaptation by enhancing the efficacy of natural selection, but the extent to which recombination affects levels of adaptation across the genome is still an open question.
Divergent selection could thus counteract the affect of balancing selection and increase the extent of population differentiation at a level above that expected for neutral genes [reviewed in 15].
To assess the impact of selection at OsAMT1 1, the extent of nucleotide polymorphism was examined at seven loci within a region around OsAMT1 1 approximately 150 kb long.
