Building on these findings, I will discuss the importance of accounting for tumor spatial structure when inferring clonal dynamics and describe an extensible framework to simulate spatial tumor growth under varied levels of selection with implications for defining the mode of evolution in diverse solid tumors.
Due to their inherent instability, the presence of variable STRs in regulatory regions may act as a flexible switch to allow ready adaptation through positive selection with implications for human evolution and disease.
This result suggests that LFRes11-1 and 11-2 may be especially desirable targets for selection (see Implications for tomato breeding, below) as they conferred resistance plus a positive effect and no effect on maturity, respectively.
As higher resolution scans and sample populations of other ancestries, environments, and phenotypes (in particular non-MHC diseases) become available, deeper analysis of the roles of individual genes and functional pathways in mate selection and implications for health and disease will become possible.
We also review relevant topics that were not covered fully in this theme issue, including self-medication and sickness behaviours, society-level defences against infectious disease, sexual selection, evolutionary medicine, implications for conservation biology and selective pressures on parasite traits.
While expanding selection has terrible implications for the education system, the politics may have been what proved tempting for May.
We discuss these results within the framework of current sexual selection theory, addressing implications for both the evolution of male mate choice and the evolution of female ornaments.
Such studies on movement behaviour and habitat selection have conservation implications in showing that the persistence of native species in invaded networks depends on the rescue effect, with immigration to fish-free habitats potentially preventing local extinction.
Although Darwin's work is most often discussed in terms of its incredible impact on evolutionary biology, his explanation of evolution by natural selection has strong implications across an array of scientific fields, including geology and paleontology.
Second, they have clarified standards of evidence for and against adaptationist claims; this provides a clearer understanding of how to structure an empirical test of a claim about natural selection and what implications the results of the test have in regard to adaptationism.
