First, the algorithm selects a fraction of the vector entries of an individual for mutation, and then in the second step, the algorithm replaces each selected entry by a random number selected uniformly from the range for that entry.
To tackle the FPT problem we iteratively consider groups of a few thousands of walkers: in each iteration we select a fraction of them closer to the target, ignoring the remaining ones, and then restore the group by creating with the MC technique new walkers even more close to the target.
To investigate the effect of sample size, we randomly selected a fraction of the 98 samples (70 95%) and applied our analysis to these subsets.
BCPT and MORE data were used to investigate whether: first, tamoxifen could reduce equally the emergence of ER- and ER+ tumors; and second, tamoxifen could select a fraction of emerging ER+ cancers and promote their transformation to ER- cancers.
Then we randomly selected a fraction q of interacting pairs.
To simulate causal SNPs in the GRM, we selected a fraction P = 0.05 or 0.005 of the SNPs at random and sampled Gaussian effect sizes (variance equal to 0.5 divided by the number of casual SNPs in the GRM) for these SNPs.
The conventional smear, by selecting a random fraction of the cervical scrape, involves an important loss of material (Goodman and Hutchinson, 1996; Al-Awadhi et al, 2001).
Additionally, the genetic distances of wild populations of C. argentea are greater relative to cultivated accessions, suggesting human selection and agricultural systems have selected only a fraction of the diversity occurring naturally in C. argentea.
One million users signed up in just eight hours, the company said, but Xiaomi has selected just a fraction of those — likely "tens of thousands," a representative told TechCrunch.
For the selection criteria of driver agents, in this work we focused on just two particularly relevant options: driver agents are selected as a fraction of total agents ranked based on the node degree, either in decreasing on increasing order.
