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The subject is particularly associated with northern European painting, and the choice of objects very often has a religious or literary significance: wine, water, and bread symbolizing the Passion; skulls, hourglasses, and candles, the transience of life; and selected flowers and fruits, the seasons.
Mean calyx diameters for each tree were determined from direct measurement on 25 randomly selected flowers.
A total of 50 randomly selected flowers were used in each treatment.
Standing crop nectar was removed from 25 randomly selected flowers per species and population, harvested at the same time and from the same individual plants as before.
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Nectar was extracted from one randomly selected flower per inflorescence using 10-µL micropipettes and the concentration measured as percentage sucrose equivalents using an Atago 0 50 % sucrose refractometer.
The second set included floral meristem and size selected flower buds, based on their diameter of 2, 4, 6, 7, 8, 10 and 12 mm.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.06671.013 10.7554/eLiFigure71.014 Figure 6 figure supplement 2. ChIP-PCR assays for selected flowering genes and heterochromatic loci confirm ChIP-qPCR.
We compared the expression of selected flowering time genes (Table 5) corresponding to each flowering pathway in the leaf and shoot apex samples of EB and SD genotypes in order to explore the role of different pathways.
We compared the expression of selected flowering-time genes corresponding to each flowering pathway in the MT library and the WT library in order to explore the role of different pathways.
At the beginning of each observation day, we counted the number of open flowers on each plant and measured the corolla width of a randomly selected flower with a digital calliper.
Selected flower buds were rinsed in distilled water and citrate buffer (10 mM sodium citrate, pH 4.8) and incubated in an enzyme mix (0.3% cellulase, cytohelicase, and pectolyase; all Sigma) in citrate buffer at 37°C for 3 h.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com