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In the item-selection process, we performed item analysis to confirm that selected answers were not heavily weighted on either end of the 5-point scale (i.e. 80% or more responders selected points 0 and 1 or 4 and 5), and examined reproducibility with a weighted kappa coefficient to exclude items with κ value < 0.5.
Below are selected answers from reader comments on the In Transit blog to a question that ran in the Nov. 28 print edition.
When presented with the same list of twenty choices, the most frequently selected answers for those under 75% of their quota were responsible, likable, confident, empathetic, smart, and humble.
She read briskly, making swift checks beside her selected answers, and when she was finished, she handed the pages across the desk to Martina Miller, who gave her a round of pills.
Users that produce more frequently viewed content or selected answers, will have higher popularity scores.
No respondent selected answers c, d, or e as shown above.
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In field testing, statisticians may discover that most top-scoring students selected answer "d" when answer "c" was deemed correct.
(t_{diff}): time differences between the selected answer and the correct time(s).
The most frequently selected answer was job security (22.4%), followed by interest in learning biomedicine (18.7%).
● On the measure of problem list importance, those who selected answer two "less important" were more likely to vote with the plurality than those who selected answer one "not important".
The most frequently selected answer was reading books (n = 21), followed by participating in school clubs (n = 8) or in other social activities (n = 7).
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com