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Our approach was to use assemblages derived from natural systems but manipulated to create the segregation of bacteria and diatoms.
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We used Roche/454 and Illumina high-throughput genome sequencing to determine: 1) the location of plasmid sequences within the A. marginale chromosome, 2) the recombination mechanism that allowed the segregation of mutant bacteria and 3) if these recombinant organisms correspond to a population containing insertions in different genomic locations or in a single genome site.
Elastic forces within DNA drive the segregation of chromosomes in bacteria.
Bacteria, meanwhile, rely on actin-like or tubulin-like proteins to segregate plasmid DNAs (Salje et al., 2010; Oliva et al., 2012), but little is known about the segregation of chromosomes in bacteria.
These observations have led to a pulling model of DNA segregation in bacteria.
Further quantitative knowledge of these effects will allow us to build upon our DNA-relay model to gain a more comprehensive understanding of chromosome segregation in bacteria.
Although several other mechanisms have been proposed since then, the molecules that orchestrate chromosome segregation in bacteria and the details of the segregation process are only beginning to emerge.
The conserved location of dif in the terminus region (∼180° from the origin of replication) in a broad range of bacteria and the role of FtsK likely reflect the manner in which chromosome replication and segregation are coupled in bacteria.
The replication termination systems of bacteria that restrict termination to the region containing dif are therefore expected to optimize this aspect of chromosome segregation (Duggin et al, 2008b).
Such high frequencies of segregation of TRAs may increase the likelihood of pathogenic bacteria obtaining such alleles via recombination with resistant, nonpathogenic bacteria sharing their environments.
Specific comments: The mode of chromosome segregation in many bacteria is poorly understood.
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