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Software tools for image processing and analysis were developed using Python/NumPy/SciPy (with extensions written in C++) and MATLAB (Mathworks; Nattick, MA, U.S.A .. OCT volumes were segmented and layers identified that corresponded to external limiting membrane (ELM), inner segment outer segment junction (ISOS), posterior tips of outer segment (PT), and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE).
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Inner segment-outer segment junction.
A loss of the photoreceptor inner segment-outer segment junction was seen overlying these RPE changes.
SD-OCT imaging in ASPPC demonstrates reversible, focal thickening, and nodularity of the RPE with disruption of the overlying photoreceptor inner segment-outer segment junction.
The images demonstrate almost complete resolution of the RPE nodules with a more clearly defined photoreceptor inner segment-outer segment junction.
In all three patients, SD-OCT images demonstrated common features of (1) hyperreflective nodularity and thickening of the RPE in the area corresponding to the fundus lesion and (2) disruption and loss of the photoreceptor inner segment-outer segment junction overlying these RPE changes.
SD-OCT images from their initial (pre-treatment) presentation demonstrated thickening and hyperreflective nodularity of the choroid-retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) complex, with focal disruption of the overlying photoreceptor inner segment-outer segment junction in the areas corresponding to the retinal lesions seen on clinical examination.
The symptoms of darkened vision corresponded to the disruption of the inner segment-outer segment (ellipsoid) photoreceptor layer and reduced a- and b-wave full-field ERG amplitudes.
The inner segment-outer segment (ellipsoid) photoreceptor layer was altered for morphology and reflectivity in the central portion corresponding to the VMT in the right eye (Fig. 1a).
At baseline, photoreceptor status was evaluated using OCT by investigating morphologic abnormalities in the inner segment-outer segment (IS-OS) line, which shows an association with visual outcome [ 24, 25].
A larger, prospective series of patients and the detailed evaluation also of the mictrostructural changes in the outer retinal layers, especially in the external limiting membrane (ELM) and the continuity of the inner segment-outer segment junction (IS/OS junction) could provide more information on visual acuity changes after severe postcataract endophthalmitis.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com