The performance of the algorithms and the end-user program were tested using synthetic images, orbital synthetic aperture radar (SAR) (RADARSAT) imagery for oil-seepage detection, and airborne, multi-polarized SAR imagery for geologic mapping, and the overall results are considered quite positive.
The seepage danger without timely detection and rapid response may likely lead to severe accidents such as seepage failure, slope instability, and even levee break.
There are now three major types of exploration methods: (1) surface methods such as geologic feature mapping and detection of seepages, (2) area surveys of gravity and magnetic fields, and (3) seismographic methods.
To develop reliable detection techniques for such seepages a laboratory rig was designed that is composed of three vertical Plexiglas columns.
In the case of spills and seepage, prevention control and counter measures should be in place for early detection and control.
The detection of multiresistant isolates, as shown in these cases, has important implications, confirming the seepage of land-based antimicrobial compounds and/or antibiotic resistant microorganisms into the marine environment, coupled with the bioaccumulation, and possible biomagnification, into the highest marine trophic levels32,33.
The study is based on systematic sampling and analysis of seepages, surface water, and shallow groundwater relative upstream background water and using sensitive geochemical fingerprints that allow the detection of contaminants that were originated from coal ash.
Therefore visually undistinguished sediments without conspicuous mat cover (and no porewater evidence for hydrocarbon seepage) can still harbor anaerobic methane- and sulfur-cycling communities that express genes for metabolic activities, but remain below detection limit in the geochemical measurements.
