Hyper-adapted clones will be able to prevent seeding establishment by shading the underlying substrate.
Extrapolations to natural populations should be made cautiously as considerable opportunities for natural selection occur during seed germination, establishment, and early growth are largely circumvented.
We conjecture that this process of liminalisation, of moving across thresholds, takes learners to the edge of knowing in that it cyclically seeds the establishment of trust, confidentiality, willingness to be within the unknown again.
In deriving Equation 7, we have neglected fluctuations in the seeding and establishment times of novel haplotype variants as well as genetic drift after the sweep is complete.
CSCs have thus been implicated both in initiating and sustaining primary tumor growth and in driving the seeding and establishment of metastases at distal sites [ 5- 9].
Possible constraints to seed germination, seedling establishment and formation of seed banks are also covered.
Seed dispersal, seedling establishment, mortality, and fire disturbance caused uncertainty to increase with simulation year.
Given these consequences, many studies have tried to disentangle the complex phenomena occurring between the production of a seed and the establishment of a new plant.
Because of their many effects on soil characteristics, such as external and internal morphological characteristics, aggregate stability, soil moisture, and permeability, they also affect seed germination and establishment and local hydrological cycles.
The aim of the present greenhouse experiment was to investigate the effects of three apparently anecic earthworm species on wheat seed burial, seedling establishment, wheat growth and litter incorporation.
