Used and loved by millions
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
see explanation below
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
"see explanation below" is a correct and usable phrase in written English.
You can use it when you want to provide additional information after a statement. For example, "We can adjust the schedule if needed - see explanation below."
✓ Grammatically correct
Science
News & Media
Academia
Alternative expressions(20)
for further details, see below
consult the explanation underneath
explanation follows
more information can be found below
see answer below
see note below
see illustration below
see description below
see address below
see box below
see outlook below
see methodology below
see table below
see chart below
see picture below
see Table below
see number below
additional information is available below
please note the information below
note below
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
15 human-written examples
Also, no N− alleles were recovered, which in this case was surprising as such loss-of-function alleles generated by NHEJ would be expected to be viable in a heterozygous condition (see explanation below).
Science & Research
[Update: This article and its headline have been edited, see explanation below.].
News & Media
(See explanation below). Second, the cost per barrel, put at $x, surprised many as seeming rather low.
News & Media
The largest difference is related to the nighttime southwestward MSTIDs, which have no corresponding wind tracks (see explanation below).
Science
In 2008 Wells Fargo's bought Transcap, which offers purchase order financing–an inventory-financing tool maneuver popular among companies that outsource manufacturing (see explanation below).
News & Media
However, for all factors also some arbitrary limits are introduced (see explanation below) to simplify the approach; thus, we acknowledge that the weighting strongly depends on expert opinion.
Science
Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources
Similar Expressions
45 human-written examples
Under these conditions each additional pCi/L of radon will increase exposure, by 0.01 WL (see explanation of WL below).
Wiki
DArT markers with very severe segregation distortion (χ, P < 0.0001) were discarded before commencing linkage mapping on the basis that these may represent >1 locus, while DArT markers with less extreme segregation distortion (χ, P < 0.001) were included in the analysis but only as 'attached' markers (see explanation of this term below).
Science
As the map below shows (see explanation here), Saudi Arabia often votes against the U.S. on U.N. General Assembly resolutions.
News & Media
Turns out every registered user of the Windows Phone 7 Kik Messenger app is 'worth' 2.53 users (see explanation on methodology and accompanying image below).
News & Media
See explanation above.
Academia
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
Use "see explanation below" to clearly guide readers when additional details or context are provided later in your document. This improves readability and helps maintain a logical flow.
Common error
Avoid using "see explanation below" without ensuring the explanation is easily found and clearly linked to the initial statement. Ambiguous references can confuse readers and diminish the effectiveness of your communication.
Source & Trust
78%
Authority and reliability
4.1/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "see explanation below" functions as an imperative directive, instructing the reader to look for further clarification or details provided later in the text. Ludwig AI confirms this is a usable phrase in written English.
Frequent in
Science
40%
News & Media
30%
Academia
20%
Less common in
Encyclopedias
3%
Wiki
3%
Formal & Business
4%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
The phrase "see explanation below" serves as a straightforward directive, pointing readers to supplementary details provided later in a text. Ludwig AI validates its usage as correct and helpful. It is commonly found in science, news media, and academic writing, making it appropriate for neutral to professional contexts. For more formal settings, consider alternative phrases such as "for further details, see below". When using this phrase, ensure that the explanation is clear and easily accessible, thereby enhancing reader comprehension. As Ludwig examples illustrate, its use spans a wide range of topics and sources.
More alternative expressions(10)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
explanation follows
This alternative provides a direct and concise way of indicating that an explanation is coming.
for further details, see below
This is more specific, directing the reader to look below for 'details' rather than a general 'explanation'.
the reasoning is detailed below
Focuses specifically on the 'reasoning' being explained, offering a slightly more formal tone.
consult the explanation underneath
Replaces "see" with "consult" which is more formal and substitutes "below" for "underneath".
more information can be found below
Offers the reader "more information" instead of just an explanation.
a detailed account follows
Emphasizes that a thorough "account" (rather than just an explanation) will be provided.
refer to the subsequent explanation
Uses "subsequent" to highlight the order and is more formal.
the following section provides more clarity
Shifts the focus to the "section" itself providing clarity, rather than a direct instruction to 'see'.
detailed information is provided later
Focuses on when information is available ('later') rather than directly instructing the reader to look 'below'.
an elaboration is provided further down
Offers an 'elaboration' and directs the reader to look 'further down' in the document.
FAQs
How can I rephrase "see explanation below" for a more formal tone?
In formal writing, you might use phrases such as "for further details, see below" or "consult the explanation underneath" to maintain a professional register.
What's the difference between "see explanation below" and "refer to the following"?
"See explanation below" directs the reader to a section that is physically located lower in the document. "Refer to the following" is slightly broader and could refer to something on the next page or in the next section, regardless of its exact position.
When is it appropriate to use "see explanation below" in academic writing?
It's appropriate in academic writing when you introduce a concept and then immediately follow with an instruction to find the detailed explanation subsequently. For example, "The results were statistically significant; "explanation follows"."
Are there situations where I should avoid using "see explanation below"?
Avoid using "see explanation below" if the explanation is not directly below or easily accessible. In digital documents, consider using hyperlinks instead for direct navigation to the relevant content.
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Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
78%
Authority and reliability
4.1/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested