Sentence examples for sectoral effects from inspiring English sources

Moreover, we identify diverse sectoral effects in terms of output, investment, emissions and international competitiveness.

While the impacts of these policies on pro-poor growth will be the focus of this analysis, it is important that I discuss first the macroeconomic and sectoral effects of the experiments.

Cross-sectoral effects especially among all three nexus resources have only recently been accounted for and predominantly exist in the form of non-formalized statements of intent.

To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study focusing on developing countries and particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa to examine sectoral output effects of electricity consumption.

In what follows, we simply use the term "inter-sectoral spillover effects" instead of "inter-sectoral spillover effects in innovation".

This implies that sufficient attention should be paid to the inter-sectoral spillover effects of innovation in implementing innovation policies.

While several studies measure inter-sectoral spillover effects in a few specific industries (see, for example, Bernstein and Nadiri 1988; Jaffe 1989; Jaffe et al. 1993), there is little empirical research that comprehensively evaluates inter-sectoral (technological) spillover effects within a country or region.

For plotting, values in the diagonal position and negative values are replaced with zero in original kernel structure matrices, since we focused on the cross-sectoral, positive effects on GHG emission increase.

"Innovation forward linkages" refer to the effect of productivity growth in this sector on productivity growth in other sectors.6 In other words, the former regards the sector as a user of innovation and measures the magnitude of benefits received from inter-sectoral spillover effects.

Coe and Helpman (1995) and Badinger and Egger (2008) estimated international research and development (R&D) spillovers in a sample of countries associated with the Organization for Economic Co-operation and DevelOECD ,2(OECD),2 but their R&D spillover measures were aggregated into a few variables so that more specific inter-sectoral spillover effects were not revealed.

Third, an individual measure generates the necessary heterogeneity in technical change across individuals that belong to the same sector that allows us to distinguish sectoral and time effects from the actual technical change faced by individuals.