Temporal order could not be established for the mediation analyses as these were only cross-sectional due to only two time points collected.
For sectional design method of slender beams, the reduction in cross-sectional area of steel stirrups due to corrosion was considered along with the reduction in geometry of concrete cross section due to spalling.
The layer thickness and the sectional area have no effect on the elastic modulus, whereas the strength increases with the sectional area due to the edge effect of each uniform mesh constituent.
Unlike lateral torsional buckling, the lateral distortional buckling of LSBs is characterised by simultaneous lateral deflection, twist and cross sectional change due to web distortion.
Relevant aspects of the employed approximate model for the cross sectional warping due to vertical bending are considered and determination of the (longitudinal) warping displacements and strains, shear strains and stresses, as well as the corrected longitudinal strains is described.
Unlike the commonly observed lateral torsional buckling of steel beams, the lateral distortional buckling of LSBs is characterised by simultaneous lateral deflection, twist, and cross sectional change due to web distortion.
Temperature distributions are obtained from temperature gauges located inside the columns during the fire tests, and the spalling depths of the columns are measured after the fire tests in order to examine loss of cross sectional area due to spalling.
The purpose of this note is to show that in-plane cross sectional deformations due to small lateral vibrations, that are assumed to have negligible influence in the case of classical beam theories, may change the situation drastically.
The present element can handle any kind of cross-sectional unsymmetry due to ply orientation.
In order to adequately design this diameter, the pipe's cross-sectional deformation due to stepped heap structure overburden pressure is taken into account.
In obese patients, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is attributed to a reduction in pharyngeal cross-sectional area due to peripharyngeal fat deposition.
