Employing a cross-sectional between-groups comparison design, 84 participants, previously diagnosed with a non-affective psychotic disorder, were recruited from community mental health services.
Furthermore, with a relatively short panel with only six years, we prefer to use the cross-sectional (between-country) variations, instead of time-series (within-country) variations for the linkage between average migration and average migration desire.
This was a cross-sectional, between-subjects design conducted with 16 euthymic, medicated patients with bipolar disorder (10 type I, six type II) and 11 age-matched healthy controls.
Further, an interpretation of the effects of medication is limited by the cross-sectional between-group design of the study.
Otherwise, a longitudinal within-hospital or a cross-sectional between-hospital comparison of patient care is questionable.
In the studies evaluated here, cross-sectional, between-person associations were evident between measures of physical function and both fluid cognition and MSE.
Three types of associations characterize most relations examined in these studies: 1) cross-sectional (between-person differences), 2) effects of baseline characteristics in one outcome on change in another (baseline effects on within-person change), and 3) change in one form of functioning regressed or correlated with change in the other (correlated within-person change).
From the econometric point of view, the use of both average and annual growth is important because it allows us to exploit alternatively both sources of variability, cross-sectional (between LLMs) and overtime (within LLMs).
The Curiosity Shop's displays communicated extreme versions of sectional differences between "civilized" Northerners and their "barbaric" Southern enemy.
There was no significant difference in cross sectional area between the groups (p = 0.247).
The cross sectional ratio between the steel and the wood was 0.82%.
