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As for the allegations themselves, they frequently rely upon secondhand evidence and hearsay.
Like other researchers, Ms. Izawa, 53, has spent years studying the animal without actually being able to see it, relying instead on photographs, videos and other secondhand evidence.
The military commissions' relaxed rules on hearsay – secondhand evidence that is normally excluded from the trial – further worked to Noor's disadvantage.
Hess has apparently had no direct exposure to the relevant testimony; it is his job to bring evidence of crimes to a grand jury, not to rule on the merits himself, based on secondhand evidence.
If taken at face value they, at the most, provide secondhand evidence of a couple of conversations up to five years old in the midst of eurozone crisis – when no referendum had been agreed and "Brexit" might as well have been some new patent loo cleaner.
Similar(53)
Apparently (that is, according to Internet chatter and what you might call secondhand anecdotal evidence), people (pizza men, college students, hotel guests) have been doing this for years, which might explain why the rest of us have occasionally had the feeling that elevators were passing us by.
Up until the nineteen-fifties, researchers in marine biology had been forced to gather most of their evidence secondhand, either by scavenging bits of life that had washed up onshore or else by dredging or by dragging nets behind boats in order to bring up a mishmash of animals and plants, which were almost invariably damaged or dead.
She never allowed herself to be filmed, so all our evidence is secondhand.
The medical evidence that secondhand smoke does damage to non-smokers seems pretty compelling to me.
While the recent report from the surgeon general said there was no evidence that secondhand smoke caused breast cancer, it found that the evidence was "suggestive".
While New Yorkers smoke at a rate far below the national average, health studies have shown that far higher percentages of New Yorkers have evidence of secondhand smoke in their bodies.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com