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It does, however, ensure secondary validity of the data to the greatest extent achievable.
Establishing the reliability of data also requires transparency and thoroughness of data reporting (Klimisch et al. 1997), which constitute "secondary validity" of the data.
Primary and secondary validity can be assessed within the context of original intent as the soundness of measurements and reporting quality are unlikely to change with a new application.
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Their derivatives are regarded as secondary in validity and should be viewed with caution [31],[32].
Evaluate the primary, secondary, and tertiary validity of each selected study based on its original intent, and evaluate the tertiary validity of each study based on the new application.
To summarize of our secondary tests for validity, we concluded that reverse causality, recent food and supplement consumption, and total lipid levels did not substantially bias our effect estimates for the 5 validated factors.
As noted in the previous section, scientific evidence has been defined (Gori 2009) according to primary, secondary, and tertiary validity of the data (Borgert et al. 2011a).
To ascertain content validity at secondary school level, we involved secondary school teaching experts in the process of test development, avoided complex problem contexts, and explicitly adjusted the content to the subject material taught in the higher tracks of secondary school, which is where physics is more extensively instructed for the first time.
Thus, we developed a test of conceptual understanding of mechanics that is adapted to the content taught to secondary school students (content validity at secondary school level).
In the first step of test development, the focus was on arriving at a set of items with high content validity at secondary school level.
The construction and evaluation of the instrument enabled us to create a fair, user-friendly, short, and exact test of conceptual knowledge (fair measurement and efficiency) that is adapted to the content taught to secondary school students (content validity at secondary school level) and that can be validly applied both as a pre- and posttest to reflect learning progress (valid change measure).
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com