It can look like a gamble to borrow to build a road, cycleway, train link or skills academy that provides secondary effects for the private sector.
The work, which floats threateningly over an empty countryside, is meant to, according to the collective, "invite reflection regarding the use and abuse of nuclear energy, cheap in economic terms, but which can cause grave secondary effects for the environment and health, forever irreversible".
The changes of mRNA abundance observed in this study could be caused by indirect (secondary) effects, for example, disturbed mRNA degradation of transcriptional factors could increase or decrease mRNAs which transcription is regulated by those factors.
Since collateral effects of high tamoxifen doses have been largely documented in clinical trials, the use of low doses of this drug as a short-term therapy for treating taeniasic individuals may be a novel alternative approach for disrupting the T. solium life cycle with minimal secondary effects for the host.
These hypotheses are also difficult to test, as it is not known whether fitness gains or losses currently observable arise from novel sex determiner genes themselves, or are associated with other, secondary effects (for instance, suppression of recombination around the sex determination gene or accumulation of sex-specific beneficial alleles) 84.
"I don't think the main reason is going to be racing people through intersections, it's going to be safety applications," said Cohn. "Though it'll also have a secondary effect of optimising for time, it'll be really safety focused".
After all, both centrality and citations could be secondary effects of, for instance, the scientific excellence of a particular researcher, which then translates into becoming central and highly cited at the same time.
However valuable, these sets are riddled with false-positives that changed their expression levels due to compensation for an overall increase in cellular stress or as a secondary effect of certain regulatory events, for example, the suppression of transcription factor' activity or the shift in histone modification landscape.
Thus, in addition to no adverse effects upon direct contact with the surfactant in surface waters or sediments, there is no concern for any secondary effect of these surfactants on organisms that could be exposed to the surfactant through food.
We have compared, contrasted and illustrated two different approaches to the use of routinely collected databases for assessing the secondary effect of exposure on the prognosis of chronic disease.
