As GW2974 had little impact on Met in cells lacking ErbB family receptors, it is possible that, instead, the drug affects Met activation in H441 cells by inhibiting EGFR and/or Her2, and interfering secondarily with ErbB-dependent activation of Met.
A possible unique mating cost to females relates to the fact that these secondarily aquatic insects are dependent on atmospheric oxygen, which is carried under the elytra and replenished with frequent trips to the surface (normally once every 8 15 minutes [29]).
Such gene expression changes could be due either to DUX4-FL directly or secondarily through DUX4-FL-dependent induction of additional transcription factors, particularly PITX1 which can itself induce myopathy when ectopically expressed.
Moreover, TAM is metabolized to 4-desmethyl-TAM via CYP-dependent pathway by CYP3A4 and secondarily to endoxifen by CYP2D6, and decreased CYP2D6 enzyme activity has been associated with worse event-free survival and disease-free survival in patients treated with adjuvant TAM [ 32], although contradictory results have also been reported [ 11].
Exercise-induced, contraction-mediated GLUT4 translocation to the muscle membrane is independent of insulin and occurs through calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV and, secondarily, through AMPK, which induces expression of PGC-1 α, a transcriptional coactivator that is essential for mitochondrial biogenesis [ 28, 29].
Tanshinone-1-induced MDR cell killing was independent of the function and expression of drug transporters but was partially correlated with the phosphatase-dependent reduction of phospho-705-Stat3, which secondarily activated p38-, and-, and ERK-involved signaling networks.
Arsenic contamination of rice by irrigation with contaminated groundwater and secondarily increased soil arsenic compounds the arsenic burden of populations dependent on subsistence rice-diets.
Therefore, the changes in NOR phenotype appear to reflect changes that are primarily dependent on the age of the plant and secondarily affected by the position of the cells relative to the stem cells at the root tip.
We have shown that UE-12 activity is dependent primarily on the p38 MAP kinase and secondarily on the insulin/DAF-2 signaling pathways.
Pathway models in biotechnology are customarily designed with metabolite concentrations as the primary, dependent variables, whereas fluxes are derived quantities that are secondarily computed from the primary variables.
