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There's a fair amount of second-hand reporting from magazines like Grazia.
The vast majority of independent political bloggers can only dream of that kind of access and are instead forced to rely on second-hand reporting for the basis of their writing.
While young children in particular may report imprecisely, enquiry of parents not only requires greatly increased resources but also, since it involves second-hand reporting, may not be more reliable.
"To base policy on second-hand reporting of flawed data is very worrying".
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Iran expelled many foreign reporters and put others under house arrest, making first hand reporting more difficult.
We're in control of the Guardian's Instagram account this week, bringing you first hand reporting from our correspondents and our pick of the Instagrammers who know the continent best.
The site says that it accepts "classified, censored or otherwise restricted material of political, diplomatic or ethical significance" but does not take "rumour, opinion or other kinds of first hand reporting or material that is already publicly available".
WikiLeaks does not accept rumour, opinion, or other kinds of first hand reporting or material that is already publicly available.
If this reads like a collection of second-hand reports, it is.
First there was the fevered speculation about Vice President Biden running against her, based on second-hand reports that Biden has had conversations about the possibility of running.
Other administration officials said they had listened to the various second-hand reports about clemency and imminent freedom with hope, but not certainty.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com