Also, data on active third stage management and professional performance were unavailable.
Data on active third stage management and professional performance are not available.
A recent retrospective study reporting on PPH and third stage management for low risk women found an increased risk of blood loss > 1000 mls with active versus physiological third stage management (RR 2.12, 95% CI: 1.39, 3.22) [ 29].
Of the women who delivered in water, 12-3% had physiological third stage management, and more than a third of women had an intact perineum.
Clean birth practices, combined with monitoring and active third stage management, may prevent up to 23% of maternal deaths in low income countries [ 5].
As noted above, we also wanted to compare blood loss, augmentation of labour, and third stage management, but these data were not available from the ISD dataset.
Moreover, the adherence to the allocated intervention and other standardised aspects of third stage management was high, making it possible to isolate the effect of controlled cord traction.
We also wanted to compare augmentation of labour, third stage management, and blood loss, but these data were not available from the ISD dataset.
Even for women who gave birth in the pool, only 12% of nulliparae and 13% of multiparae received physiological third stage management (Additional file 2: Table S2b).
Other protocols in use at the hospital, but not the Birth Centre which only accepted low risk women, included third stage management, antenatal complications and antenatal admissions.
